Подводная сварка с локальной водяной завесой зоны сварки

Интенсивное развитие добычи нефти и газа в шельфовой зоне морей и океанов обусловливает необходимость строительства морских буровых платформ. Их монтаж и ремонт выполняют подводной сваркой, осуществляемой мокрым и сухим способами, которые имеют свои достоинства и области ограничения. Одним из перспективных направлений является сварка с локальной защитой зоны сварки за счет создания вокруг нее безводной полости. Водолаз-сварщик находится вне зоны защиты. В международной практике хорошо известен способ, где экранирование зоны сварки обеспечивает водоструйная завеса вокруг сопла сварочной горелки. Дан аналитический обзор научных публикаций по исследованию процесса подводной сварки с водяной завесой сопла сварочной горелки. Изучены гидродинамические параметры сварки. Рассмотрены особенности существования устойчивого дугового разряда, факторы, обусловливающие стабильность процесса и качество сварных соединений.

Литература

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