On the Friction Mechanisms and Assessment of Tribological Characteristics of Solid Lubricant Coatings of Various Application Methods

The article analyzes the wear dynamics of solid lubricant coatings (SLC) of suspension, magnetron-high-frequency and diffusion methods of application. Calculated dependences are presented to assess the tribotechnical characteristics of the SLC. It was found that the service life of SLC based on MoS2 HF application in the considered ranges of surface temperature variations differs slightly from the that of SLC suspension application VNII NP 212. The wear of diffusion SLC M804 (Dimolit-4) in the steady-state friction mode is 34 µm. The wear rate of diffusion SLC М804 under vacuum conditions at a sliding speed of V = 0.2 m/s with the increase in contact pressure from 1 to 8 MPa increases by a factor of 2 and is on average 4.5 times higher than that of friction pairs with SLC VNII NP 212. Anti-friction characteristics of diffusion SLC in steady state friction modes at temperatures up to 600 °C were slightly higher than the similar characteristics for SLC with a binder. With an increase in heating temperatures to the limiting value of 800 °C, the friction coefficient of the diffusion SLC M801 and M810 (based on NbS2) decreases to the values of ffr = 0.03–0.04.

References

[1] Drozdov Yu.N., Yudin E.G., Belov A.I. Prikladnaya tribologiya (trenie, iznos i smazka) [Applied tribology (friction, wearing and lubricant)]. Moscow, Ekopress Publ., 2010. 604 p. (In Russ.).

[2] Malenkov M.I., Karatushin S.I., Tarasov V.M. Konstruktsionnye i smazochnye materialy kosmicheskikh mekhanizmov [Construction materials and lubricants for spacecraft]. Sankt-Petersburg, BGTU Publ., 2007. 54 p. (In Russ.).

[3] Renevier N.M., Hamphire J., Fox V.C. et al. Advantages of using self-lubricating, hard, wear-resistant MoS2-based coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2001, vol. 142–144, pp. 67–77, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01108-2

[4] Myshkin N.K., Basinyuk V.L., Koval’chuk G.F. et al. Space tribology: the states and prospects. Mekhanika mashin i mekhanizmov i materialov [Topical Issues of Mechanical Engineering], 2012, no. 3-4, pp. 126–130. (In Russ.).

[5] Sentyurikhina L.N., Malyshev B.I., Oparina E.M. et al. Solid high-vacuum high-temperature lubricant. Khimiya i tekhnologiya topliv i masel, 1961, no. 7, pp. 13–15. (In Russ.).

[6] Robertst E.W., Williamst B.J., Ogilvy J.A. The effect of substrate surface roughness on the friction and wear of sputtered MoS2 films. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 1992, vol. 25, no. 1A, art. A65, doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/25/1A/012

[7] Yarosh V.M., Moisheev A.A., Bronovets M.A. Study of friction and wear of materials in the open space in the lunar orbit. Trenie i iznos, 2003, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 626–635. (In Russ.).

[8] Lobova T.A., Marchenko E.A. Use of new class of self-lubricating materials to provide reliability of friction units of space vehicles. Trenie i iznos, 2005, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 290–293. (In Russ.).

[9] Khopin P.N. [Termocorrelation evaluation of tribological characteristics of the solid lubricant selenium coatings of various application methods for conditions normal atmosphere]. Tribologiya — mashinostroeniyu. Tr. XIII Mezhd. nauch.-tekh. konf. [From Tribology to Machine Building. Proc. XIII Int. Sci.-Tech. Conf.]. Moscow, IMASh RAN Publ., 2020, pp. 337–341. (In Russ.).

[10] Miyoshi K. Solid lubrication. Fundamentals and applications. CRC Press, 2001. 416 p.

[11] Miyoshi K., Iwaki M., Gotoh K. et al. Friction and wear properties of selected solid lubricating films. NASA/TM-1999-209088/PART1. NASA, 1999. 30 p.

[12] Spalvins T. Lubrication with sputtered MoS2 films. NASA TM X-67832. Lewis Research Center, 1971. 16 p.

[13] Nazhestkin B.P., Kovalev E.P., Vorob’yev A.N. On calculation if wearing intensity of a solid lubricant coating based on synthetic molybdenum disulfide in vacuum. Trenie i iznos, 1986, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 747–750. (In Russ.).

[14] Khopin P.N. Evaluation of tribotechnical characteristics of solid lubricating coverings obtained by chemical-thermal treatment of the substrate. In: Mekhanika i fizika protsessov na poverkhnosti i v kontakte tverdykh tel, detaley tekhnologicheskogo i energeticheskogo oborudovaniya [Mechanics and physics of processes on the surface and contact area of solids, and parts for technological and power equipment]. Tver’, TvGTU Publ., 2021, pp. 56–61. (In Russ.).

[15] Sentyurikhina L.N., Oparin E.M. Tverdye disul’fidmolibdenovye smazki [Solid molybdenum lubricants]. Moscow, Khimiya Publ., 1966. 152 p. (In Russ.).

[16] Braithwaite E.R. Solid lubricants and surfaces. Pergamon Press, 1964.

[17] Khopin P.N. Method and results of assessment of the performance of friction pairs with solid lubricating coatings under various operating conditions. Trenie i iznos, 2012, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 23–31. (In Russ.). (Eng. version: J. Frict. Wear, 2012, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 14–21, doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068366612010060)

[18] Khopin P.N., Grib V.V. Microanalysis of the friction surfaces of solid lubricating coatings of various types of application. Vestnik TvGTU, 2021, no. 1, pp. 5–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46573/2658-5030-2021-1-5-17 (in Russ.).

[19] Khopin P.N., Kozlova O.V., Gorbach L.E Durability evaluation for friction pairs with solid lubrication coatings under reverse motion. Trenie i iznos, 2018, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 649–656. (In Russ.). (Eng. version: J. Frict. Wear, 2018, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 505–511, doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068366618060053)

[20] Khopin P.N. Test analysis of friction couples with solid lubricant coatings under ground–space conditions and prediction of tribological characteristics. Trenie i iznos, 2018, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 175–183. (In Russ.). (Eng. version: J. Frict. Wear, 2018, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 137–144, doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068366618020071)

[21] Khopin P.N. Assessment of antifriction characteristics of friction pairs with solid-lubricating coatings under various operating conditions. Trenie i iznos, 2015, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 491–498. (In Russ.). (Eng. version: J. Frict. Wear, 2015, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 374–379, doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068366615050074)

[22] Spalvins T. Plasma-assisted physical vapor deposition surface treatments for tribological control. NASA technical memorandum 103652. NASA, 1991. 15 p.

[23] Tseev N.A., Kozelkin V.V., Gurov A.A. Materialy dlya uzlov sukhogo treniya, rabotayushchikh v vakuume [Materials for dry friction units working in vacuum]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1991. 188 p. (In Russ.).

[24] Khopin P.N., Shishkin S.V. Tribologiya [Tribology]. Moscow, Yurayt Publ., 2021. 236 p. (In Russ.).