Mathematical model for determining the curved cross-sectional preform structural parameters

Forecasting structural and technological parameters of a curvilinear cross-sectional preform plays an important role in determination of the product physical and mechanical characteristics and manufacture of the cylindrical parts with high quality of the layer stacking. The paper proposes a mathematical model that allows determining the reinforcement angle at each point of the curvilinear cross-sectional preform. The model is based on dividing the preform curvilinear cross-section into segments and determining the reinforcement angle in an interval equal to the length of one of them. The proposed mathematical model is tested using an example of computing the reinforcement angles of preforms with circular, rectangular and square cross-sections, mandrel in the form of a truncated cone and regular hexagon. Results of the theoretical computation are making it possible to state that the developed mathematical model allows accurate forecasting the theoretical reinforcement angle relative to its empirical value.
EDN: WHCEXC, https://elibrary/whcexc

References

[1] Scholz M.S., Blanchfield J.P., Bloom L.D. et al. The use of composite materials in modern orthopaedic medicine and prosthetic devices: a review. Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, vol. 71, no. 16, pp. 1791–1803, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.08.017

[2] Egbo M.K. A fundamental review on composite materials and some of their applications in biomedical engineering. J. King Saud Univ. Eng. Sci., 2021, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 557–568, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2020.07.007

[3] Ganguly S., Margel S. Fabrication and applications of magnetic polymer composites for soft robotics. Micromachines, 2023, vol. 14, no. 12, art. 2173, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14122173

[4] Parmar H., Khan T., Tucci F. et al. Advanced robotics and additive manufacturing of composites: towards a new era in Industry 4.0. Mater. Manuf. Process., 2022, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 483–517, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2020.1866195

[5] Parveez B., Kittur M.I., Badruddin I.A. et al. Scientific advancements in composite materials for aircraft applications: a review. Polymers, 2022, vol. 14, no. 22, art. 5007, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225007

[6] Zimmermann N., Wang P.H. A review of failure modes and fracture analysis of aircraft composite materials. Eng. Fail. Anal., 2020, vol. 115, art. 104692, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104692

[7] Gibson R.F. A review of recent research on mechanics of multifunctional composite materials and structures. Compos. Struct., 2010, vol. 92, no. 12, pp. 2793–2810, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.05.003

[8] Zhang L., Wang X., Pei J. et al. Review of automated fibre placement and its prospects for advanced composites. J. Mater. Sci., 2020, vol. 55, no. 17, pp. 7121–7155, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04090-7

[9] Munro M. Review of manufacturing of fiber composite components by filament winding. Polym. Compos., 1988, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 352–359, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750090508

[10] Centea T., Grunenfelder L.K., Nutt S.R. A review of out-of-autoclave prepregs – material properties, process phenomena, and manufacturing considerations. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., 2015, vol. 70, pp. 132–154, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.09.029

[11] Patti A., Acierno D. Materials, weaving parameters, and tensile responses of woven textiles. Macromol, 2023, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 665–680, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/macromol3030037

[12] Perera Y.S., Muwanwella R.M.H.W., Fernando P.R. et al. Evolution of 3D weaving and 3D woven fabric structures. Fash. Text., 2021, vol. 8, art. 11, doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00240-7

[13] Melenka G.W., Ayranci C. Advanced measurement techniques for braided composite structures: a review of current and upcoming trends. J. Compos. Mater., 2020, vol. 54, no. 25, pp. 3895–3917, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998320903105

[14] Donetskiy K.I., Karavaev R.Yu., Raskutin A.E. et al. Properties of carbon fiber and fiberglass on the basis of braiding preforms. Aviatsionnye materialy i tekhnologii [Aviation Materials and Technologies], 2016, no. 4, pp. 54–59, doi: https://doi.org/10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-4-54-59 (in Russ.).

[15] Samipour S.A., Batrakov V.V., Khaliulin V.I. Calculation and experimental methodic for ensuring the accuracy of the reinforcement angle of the preform made by radial braiding. Russ. Engin. Res., 2018, vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 855–858, doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068798X18110138 v

[16] Wu Z., Shu Z., Kyosev Y. et al. Numerical prediction methodology for tow orientation on irregular mandrels with constant cross-sections. J. Compos. Mater., 2019, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 1067–1078, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998318795033

[17] Li Y., Yan S., Yan Ye t al. Highfidelity modeling of the braiding process for generating the realistic mesostructure of preforms in braided composites. Polym. Compos., 2023, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 2898–2909, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27289