The Optimization of the Machine Layout Based on Pressure Line Calculations on the Guides Surface

The accuracy of processing in the working zone of machine tools is uneven. Machining conditions deteriorate rapidly when an opening in the joint guideways occurs (the pressure line is not distributed along the whole length of the guide surfaces). The calculations and optimization of the active cutting zone where the pressure line is distributed along the whole surface of the guideways are performed. The layout of the machine tool should provide the largest area of the active working cutting zone. The optimization task is non-linear and extreme. Based on the parameters of the lathe design, a system of equations is created to calculate the pressure line in the guideways. To find the extreme point of the objective function, the following parameters of the machine tool layout are changed: the position of the cutting force vector (cutter tip coordinates in the guideways’ system of coordinates), gravitational force and the position of the centre of gravity of the support, coordinates of the point of application of the force bound to the feed drive, distance between the guides and length of the support. The genetic algorithm method is used to shorten the time of calculating the extreme point of the objective function. The application of this method increases 10 times the speed of determining the machine tool layout parameters that would provide the largest area of the active working cutting zone.

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