Determination of hardness and wear resistance of steel samples by the ultrajet method

M.I. Abashin, A.L. Galinovskiy, L.V. Sudnik The physical and mechanical properties of a material on the surface can be determined by exposing it to a high-speed liquid jet, that is, an ultrajet. However, there are still very few theoretical and experimental studies that expand the scientific understanding and make it possible to use ultrajets in diagnostics. In this study, a water jet impact on the surface of the 37H2NVMBR stainless steel barrier at a speed of 350 m/s is analyzed by the finite element method. Theoretical data are verified experimentally on samples under different heat treatment conditions. In addition, the samples are tested on dry friction and the theoretical data are compared with the experimental results. The study shows that there exists a linear dependence with a high degree of correlation between the depth of a hydrocavity formed by the ultrajet impact, hardness of the sample, and the mass loss due to dry friction. This makes it possible to use the ultrajet diagnosis as an alternative for the rapid determination of the abrasion resistance of a material.

References

[1] Abashin M.I., Barzov A.A., Galinovskii A.L., Kovalev A.A., Kuchkin K.V. , Sysoev N.N. Fiziko-tekhnicheski i anal iz informatsionno-diagnosticheskogo potentsiala ul’trastruinykh gidrotekhnologii [Physical and technical analysis information diagnostic potential ultrastruynyh hydrotechnologies]. Preprint. Moscow, 2010, 33 p., no. 10/2010. (In Russian, unpublished).

[2] Gal inovski i A.L. , Abashin M.I. , Provatorov A.S. Sravnitel’nyi analiz ul’trastruinoi diagnostiki parametrov poverkhnostnogo sloia materiala s drugimi vidami diagnostiki metodom ekspertnogo otsenivaniia [Comparative analysis ultrastruynoy diagnostic parameters of the surface layer of the material with other diagnosis by expert evaluation]. Molodezh’. Tekhnika. Kosmos: Trudy 4 Obshcherossiiskoi molodezhnoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii [Youth. Technique. Space: Proceedings of the 4 All-Russian Youth Scientific Conference]. Baltic State Technical University «VOENMEH» named after D.F. Ustinov publ., Saint Petersburg, 2012, 11 p.

[3] Babets K., Geskin E.S. Application of Fuzzy Logic for Modeling of Waterjet Depainting. Machining Science and Technology. 2000, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 81—100.

[4] Guha A., Barron R.M., Balachandar R. An experimental and numerical study of water jet cleaning process. Available at: http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/ 1009/ 1009.0531.pdf (accessed 17 May 2013).

[5] Numerical Simulation of High Speed TurbulentWater Jets in Air. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 2010, no. 48(1), pp. 119—124.

[6] Hashish M., duPlessis M.P. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Continuous Jet Penetration of Solid ASME Journal of Engineering for Industry. 1978. No. 100. P. 88—94.

[7] Leu M.C. , Meng P. , Geskin E.S. , Tismeneskiy L. Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Verification of Stationary Water Jet Cleaning Process. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering. 1998, no. 120(3), pp. 571—579.

[8] Rajaratnam N., Steffler P.M., Rizvi S.A.H., Smy P.R. Experimental Study of Very High Velocity Circular Water Jets in Air. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 1994, no. 32(3), pp. 461—470.

[9] Rajaratnam N., Albers C. Water Distribution in Very High Velocity Water Jets in Air. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 1998, no. 124(6), pp. 647—650.

[10] Yoon S.S., Hewson J.C., DesJardin P.E., Glaze D.J., Black A.R., Skaggs R.R. Numerical Modeling and Experimental Measurements of a High Speed Solid-Cone Water Spray for Use in Fire Suppression Applications. International Journal of Multiphase Flow. 2004, no. 30, pp. 1369—1388.

[11] Stepanov Y.S., Barsukov G.V., Alushin E.A. Modeling of Stress-strainstatus Target Material and Abrasive Particles Impact at Supersonic. Proceedings of State Engineering University of Armenia. Series mechanics, machine science, machine-building. 2012, no. 2, pp. 29—36.

[12] Stepanov Iu.S. , Bar sukov G.V. , Mikheev A.V. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie protsessov sverkhzvukovogo udara i pronikaniia tel v metallicheskie pregrady [Mathematical modeling of supersonic shock and penetration of bodies in the metal barrier]. Orel, Izdatel’skii dom «Orlik» publ., 2012. 160 p.

[13] Neusen K.F., Gores T.J., Labus T.J. Measurement of Particle and Drop Velocities in a Mixed Abrasive Water Jet Using Forward-Scatter LDV System. Proceedings of the 11-th Intrnational Conference on Jet Cutting Technology. BHR Group, ST. Andrews. Scotland, Sept. 8—12. 1992, pp. 63—73.

[14] Balz R., Mokso R., Narayanan C., Weiss D.A., Heiniger K.C. Ultra-fast X-ray particle velocimetry measurements within an abrasive water jet. Available at: (http://link. springer.com/article/ 10.1007%2Fs00348—013— 1476—8) (accessed 17 May 2013).

[15] Fizika vzryva [Physics of Explosion].Ed. L.P. Orlenko. In 2 vol. Vol. 2. Moscow, FIZMATLIT publ., 2004. 656 p.

[16] Babkin A.V., Kolpakov V.I., Okhitin V.N., Selivanov<неиV.V. Chislennye metody v zadachakh fiziki bystroprotekaiushchikh protsessov [Numerical methods in physics of fast processes]. In 3 vol. Vol. 3. Moscow, Bauman Press, 2006. 520 p.

[17] Sudnik L.V., Galinovskii A.L., Kolpakov V.I., Khafizov M.V.,<неиMuliar S.G., Saifutdinov R.R. Formirovanie i ul’trastruinaia<неиdiagnostika spechennogo materiala iz nanorazmernogo poroshka<неиbemita [Formation and ultra-jet diagnostics sintered powder of<неиnanosized boehmite]. Nanoinzheneriia [Nanoengineering]. 2013,<неиno. 1, pp. 26–31.

[18] Atanov G.A. Gidroimpul’snye ustanovki dlia razrusheniia<неиgornykh porod [Mud pulse systems for rock failure]. Kiev, Vishcha shkola publ., 1987. 155 p.

[19] Ukrainskii Iu.D. Fotograficheskoe issledovanie strui gidropushki<неи[Photographic study of the jet water cannon]. Izvestiia vysshikh<неиuchebnykh zavedenii SSSR. Energetika [Proceedings of the<неиhigher educational institutions of the USSR. Energetics]. 1978, no. 4, pp. 143—146.

[20] Atanov G.A., Geskin E.S., Kovalev A.V., Rusanova O.A., Samardzhich V., Semko A.N. Otsenka effektivnosti gidropushki po probivaniiu stal’nykh plastin [Evaluation of Hydrocannon Based on the Piercing of Steel Plates]. Available at: http://ea.donntu. du.ua/handle/123456789/6150 (accessed 17 May 2013).

[21] Babkin A.B., Veldanov V.A., Griaznov E.F. Sredstva porazheniia i boepripasy [Munitions and Ammunition]. Moscow, Bauman Press, 2008. 984 p.

[22] Feodos’ev V.I. Soprotivlenie materialov [Strength of materials]. Moscow, Bauman Press, 2000. 592 p.

[23] Eroziia [Erosion]. Ed. PrisK.Moscow,Mir publ., 1982. 464 p.

[24] Grib V.V., Lazarev G.E. Laboratornye ispytaniia materialov trenie i iznos [Laboratory testing of materials for friction and wear]. Moscow, Nauka publ., 1968. 141 p.