On the application of porous metals in regenerative cooling systems of liquid propellant engines

To improve the reliability, service life, and specific impulse of a liquid propellant engine, new designs and manufacturing technologies of regenerative cooling systems are required. The paper deals with a new high-performance regenerative cooling system based on the principle of inter-channel coolant transpiration through a porous metal. The influence of the number of channels on the hydraulic losses and heat transfer efficiency is studied. The heat transfer intensification is established in a porous tract at low hydraulic losses. The optimum parameters of the regenerative cooling system of a rocket engine with inter-channel coolant transpiration are first determined. Using experimental dependences for hydraulic resistance and heat transfer, the high efficiency of liquid propellant engine cooling with inter-channel coolant transpiration through a porous metal is demonstrated experimentally and by calculation. A mathematical model and the results of numerical analysis of pressure fields, coolant temperature, and porous engine chamber walls are presented. Porous heat exchange tracts with inter-channel coolant transpiration should be used as a regenerative cooling system in a liquid propellant engine and regenerative heat exchangers of various purposes.

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