Assessment of stress state in the machine components force contact zone using the finite element method according to various strength theories

Components operating under the force contact interaction are used in all areas of the mechanical engineering. The Hertzian theory of contact interaction is applied to solve the contact problem, and the resulting stresses are called the Hertzian stresses. These stresses values are most often several times higher than the material tensile strength. In this regard, it is impossible to judge the material strength based on such classical mechanical characteristics as yield and tensile strength. However, with the advent of numerical methods in assessing the stress-strain state, it becomes possible to obtain the stress field and convert it into the equivalent stress state. To find the contact strength suitable condition, the components’ contact interaction was numerically calculated using the finite element method. Based on the stress fields obtained in the numerical calculation, equivalent stresses were determined according to the known strength theories. Research results were analyzed. The paper proposes a possible approach to assessing the contact strength.
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