State Scientific Institution “Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus”

Development of a scientifically substantiated method and tools for the vibration-pulse diagnostics and vibration monitoring the gear transmissions of a complex technical system unit is a relevant task making it possible to forecast the remaining resource in operation. Of particular importance is diagnostics of the spur gears in the motor-wheel gearboxes of the heavy-duty quarry dump trucks in operation, since their sudden failures are causing significant economic losses. Due to deviation in the gearing parameters from the nominal values, the impact interaction of the gear teeth occurs. Shock impulses arise during the teeth reconjugation, and determine the gear dynamic loading, vibration and noise. The shock impulse parameters including the shape (law of the impact force alteration over time), amplitude and spectral characteristics, are closely related to the engagement defects, and could serve as the reliable diagnostic indicators of the gear technical condition. Solution to the problem of the teeth impact interaction is based on consideration of the gear dynamic model, taking into account only the torsional vibrations. At the initial teeth contact along the generatrix, the spur gear wheels impact interaction is considered as an impact of two cylinders with the curvature radii of the gear tooth profiles and the wheel at the initial of engagement phase. In the case of a point contact caused by the teeth barrel-shaped nature, the main curvatures radii of the contacting teeth lateral surfaces at the beginning of the engagement line and the parameters of the contact area are determined. Relationship between the impact force and convergence of the colliding teeth is found in accordance with the Hertz theory of contact deformations. Nonlinear differential equation is obtained establishing a relationship between the impact force and the teeth acceleration in their relative motion during the impact and making it possible to determine the impact pulse parameters. The experimentally found linear relationship between the shock pulse amplitude (internal dynamic load) and the maximum vibration acceleration is the basis for developing a methodology for computing residual life of the gear drive mechanisms and correct assessment of their technical condition in operation. The paper presents results of computing the shock pulse parameters for the teeth linear and point initial contacts in the spur gears of the planetary gearboxes installed in the heavy-duty quarry dump truck motor-wheels.
EDN: LPLSBZ, https://elibrary/lplsbz

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