Influence of the laser shock machining parameters on the residual stresses distribution in the edge of a titanium alloy compressor blade

The paper analyzes the laser radiation parameters influence on distribution of the residual stresses in a mathematical simulation of the laser shock machining of part of the edge of a compressor blade made of titanium alloy. A square laser beam with the side size of 1...3 mm was used in the machining without overlapping in one pass. Simulation included two stages: simulation of the elastic-plastic wave propagation based on the Johnson-Cook constitutive relation, and static computation of the residual stresses distribution. No influence of the parameters on the residual stresses distribution by the edge radius was found. Using the different machining strategies for a square spot with the side size of 1 mm caused no significant alteration in the residual stresses distribution over the edge cross-section. With the side size of 2 mm, the second machining strategy led to the large compressive residual stresses, and the third one led to the tensile residual stresses. Displacement of the laser shock machining zone by 0.5 mm from the edge radius with a square spot having a side of 1 mm revealed no advantages compared to the standard machining scheme. The compressive residual stresses level with the standard machining scheme turned out to be higher than with the scheme characterized by the machining zone displacement. Laser shock machining leads to the compressive residual stresses induction both in the surface layer of up to –0.24 rel. units and to the depth of down to 0.4 mm on both the edge sides even at the distance of 1 mm outside the machining zone. An increase in the pulse energy increases the compressive residual stresses level, which depth remains unchanged. With square spots with the sides of 1…2 mm, the compressive residual stresses depth exceeds the edge middle along the entire length, with the side of 3 mm — only along the length of 0.2…1.0 mm from the edge radius. To evenly distribute residual stresses over the edge cross-section, it is required to perform the blade laser shock machining on both sides. To reduce the time of such machining, a square spot should be used with a side size of 3 mm and power of 5…8 J.
EDN: IKHWDF, https://elibrary/ikhwdf

References

[1] Inozemtsev A.A., Nikhamkin M.A., Sandratskiy V.L. Osnovy konstruirovaniya aviatsionnykh dvigateley i energeticheskikh ustanovok. T. 2 [Fundamentals of aircraft engine and power plant design. Vol. 2]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 2008. 368 p. (In Russ.).

[2] Novikov I.A., Nozhnitskiy Yu.A., Shibaev S.A. International experience in research and application of the technological process of laser shockpeening of metals (review). Aviatsionnye dvigateli [Aviation Engines], 2022, no. 2, pp. 59–82, doi: https://doi.org/10.54349/26586061_2022_1_59 (in Russ.).

[3] Shiryaev A.A., Gabov I.G., Milenin A.S. et al. Comparison of hardening methods on blades of titanium alloy. Vestnik PNIPU. Mashinostroenie, materialovedenie [Bulletin PNRPU. Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science], 2023, no. 4, pp. 109–117. (In Russ.).

[4] Shiryaev A.A., Gabov I.G., Popova Yu.V. LSPWC influence on the surface layer parameters of the titanium alloy GTE compressor blades. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Mashinostroenie [BMSTU Journal of Mechanical Engineering], 2024, no. 3, pp. 35–41. EDN: JEEASU (In Russ.).

[5] Hu Y., Yao Z., Hu J. 3-D FEM simulation of laser shock processing. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, vol. 201, no. 3–4, pp. 1426–1435, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.02.018

[6] Fang Y. Simulation and experiment of impact effects of nanosecond pulse laser-generated processing Ti-6Al-4V alloy. J. of Materi. Eng. and Perform., 2021, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 5515–5523, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-05551-4

[7] Cao Zw., Che Zg., Zou Sk. et al. Numerical simulation of residual stress field induced by laser shock processing with square spot. J. Shanghai Univ.(Engl. Ed.), 2011, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 553–556, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11741-011-0785-1

[8] Fameso F., Desai D., Schalk K. et al. Residual stress enhancement by laser shock treatment in chromium-alloyed steam turbine blades. Materials, 2022, vol. 15, no. 16, art. 5682. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165682

[9] Sakhvadze G.Zh., Gavrilina L.V. Single and multiple laser shock processing of materials. J. Mach. Manuf. Reliab., 2015, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 549–554, doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S105261881506014X

[10] Zhang Z., Liu M., Cao Z. et al. Numerical investigation of surface textural dimples of titanium alloy subjected to laser shock processing. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2022, no. 122, no. 3–4, pp. 1413–1429, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09947-x

[11] Sikhamov R.A., Fomin F., Keller Z. Et al. Simulation of residual stresses caused by laser shock peening. Alleya nauki, 2019, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 18–25. URL: https://alley-science.ru/domains_data/files/Collection_of_journals/Iyun%202%20tom.pdf (in Russ.).

[12] Plekhov O.A., Kostina A.A., Izyumov R.I. et al. Finite-element analysis of residual stresses in the TC4 titanium alloy treated by laser shock peening. Vychislitelnaya mekhanika sploshnykh sred [Computational Continuum Mechanics], 2022, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 171–184, doi: https://doi.org/10.7242/1999-6691/2022.15.2.13 (in Russ.).

[13] Fang Y.W., Li Y.H., He W.F. et al. Effects of laser shock processing with different parameters and ways on residual stresses fields of a TC4 alloy blade. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, no. 559, pp. 683–692, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.09.009

[14] Ma S., Ding X., Yang Z. et al. Numerical simulation of TC17 titanium alloy thin blade strengthened by laser shock processing. APISAT 2021. Vol. 1. Springer, 2022, pp. 949–961, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2689-1_73

[15] Ding X., Li H., Jiang Z. et al. Prediction of surface residual stresses after laser shock processing on TC4 titanium alloy using different neural network agent models. Coatings, 2023, vol. 13, no. 11, art. 1889, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111889

[16] Buzyukin A.E., Gladkiy I.L., Kraus E.I. Determination of parameters of the Johnson-Cook model for the description of deformation and fracture of titanium alloys. Prikladnaya mekhanika i tekhnicheskaya fizika, 2015, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 188–195, doi: https://doi.org/10.15372/PMTF20150219 (in Russ.). (Eng. version: J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phy., 2015, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 330–336, doi: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021894415020194)

[17] Hammer J.T. Plastic deformation and ductile fracture of Ti-6Al-4V under various loading conditions. Master’s thesis. Ohio State University, 2012. 243 p.

[18] Kim R., Suh J., Shin D. et al. FE analysis of laser shock peening on STS304 and the effect of static damping on the solution. Metals, 2021, vol. 11, no. 10, art. 1516, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101516