Diagnostic Features in the Assessment of the Technical Condition of Machines and Mechanisms

At present, to assess the current condition of mechanical and electromechanical systems, it is common to use methods based on statistical information (statistics, Bayesian method, etc.). These methods differ in search rules for optimal solutions and are linked to the statistical structure of the diagnostic data. On this basis, the classification of defects is expanded and design requirements for a diagnostic system are defined. The diagnostics of complex technical objects is dominated by expert assessment, which is determined by the level of technical expertise. The paper deals with the issues of obtaining reliable diagnostic features for registering the degradation of the mechanism and identifying emerging defects through functional diagnostics. The author presents the requirements for diagnostic features from the point of view of selecting measured physical quantities, measurement accuracy, invariance, resistance to various influences, and the need to preserve the mechanism performance throughout the life cycle with the ability to compare and quantify changes in it. The paper shows the possibility of using the classical theory of machines and mechanisms in the phase-chronometric method, developed by specialists in a specific engineering field for the analysis of operation and the determination of diagnostic features of various cyclic mechanisms. The results of determining diagnostic features for the assessment of operation of turbo generators for heat and power plants and metal-cutting machinery are presented.

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