The Study of Thermal and Deformation Processes in Ultrasonic Welding of ABS Plastics

This paper describes the main characteristics of ABS plastics and the ultrasound welding that is performed using heat, without heating up the entire thickness of the material, which allows obtaining welds of large thickness. The mechanism of formation of a welded joint by ultrasonic welding of ABS plastics is defined. It is shown that the heat generated on the welded surfaces is due to internal friction. It is established that at a certain combination of ultrasonic welding modes, the speed of deformation at high pressures may be greater than at lower ones. This is due to four competing factors: temperature, welding static pressure, concentration of energy on the welded surfaces and the separation of the waveguide from the surface of the welded material. It is determined that for welding ABS plastics the so-called soft modes of ultrasonic welding should be used, which are characterized by low static pressures and amplitude of fluctuations of the waveguide. In this case, the weld is achieved only through the distribution of microscopic irregularities, without the formation of dents on the surface of the welded material by the waveguide. To determine the rate of temperature rise in the welded joint, thermocouple junction with very small dimensions is used. As a result of the work, the performance of ultrasonic welding of ABS plastics has been improved, while providing the necessary strength of the welded joints.

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