A Study of Thermal Deformation Cycles in the Process of Ultrasonic Cutting of Polymeric Materials

The possibility of using ultrasonic vibration energy for cutting plastics, synthetic fabrics and polymer films is considered in this article. Various schemes of this process are presented. The advantages and suitability of ultrasonic cutting over other processing methods of plastic materials are shown. The influence of the main parameters of ultrasonic cutting on the productivity and the quality of the cut plastics is determined. It is established that an increase in the amplitude of vibrations of the working end of the waveguide and in the static pressure applied to it, leads to a substantial reduction of the cutting time and an increase in efficiency of the ultrasonic cutting process. The influence of these parameters cannot be separated, since only their joint action makes the cutting process of polymeric materials effective. The research of thermal deformation cycles during the ultrasonic cutting of plastics has shown that a specific stage of the deformation process is clearly correlated with the structural changes and the temperature in the cutting zone. To assess the structural changes in the polymers, X-ray diffraction analysis is used, as a result of which four sections of the deformation curves are determined (isolated). Each section is characterized by certain changes in the structural state of the polymer. The technology and equipment for ultrasonic cutting of plastics are considered.

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