Determining the lateral forces acting on the running wheels of bridge cranes

The lifetime of the running wheels of bridge cranes depends on lateral forces that are determined by numerous factors. Up to the present day, reduced dynamic models of cranes have been used to study lateral forces without taking into account elastic deformations of the bridge. In this study, a three-mass dynamic model taking into account all elastic deformations of the bridge crane is considered. The maximum values of lateral forces determined by this dynamic model are compared with the corresponding values obtained by using two single-mass dynamic models. It has been found that in the case of ideal crane ways all dynamic models provide similar maximum values of lateral forces. If the crane ways are not straightforward, the lateral forces increase two or three times. In this regard, the dynamic models considering ideal crane ways cannot be used to determine the lateral forces. The maximum values of lateral forces calculated by the single-mass and three-mass models taking into account any random inequalities of crane ways differ slightly. Therefore, the studies performed earlier by the single-mass dynamic model taking into account crane way inequalities provided correct results. The use of simple dynamic models is advisable.

References

[1] Kogaev V.P., Drozdov Iu.N. Prochnost’ i iznosostoikost’ detalei mashin [Strength and durability of machine parts]. Moscow, Vysshaia shkola publ., 1992. 319 p.

[2] Glazunov D.V. Ekspluatatsionnye issledovaniia tverdykh obolochechnykh smazochnykh sterzhnei s ispol’zovaniem besprivodnykh grebnerel’sosmazyvatelei [Performance study hard shell lubricants with bars, non lubricators]. Trenie i smazka v mashinakh i mekhanizmakh [Friction and lubrication in machinery]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 23–28.

[3] Glazunov D.V. Metodika issledovaniia tribologicheskikh kharakteristik smazochnogo bloka, rabotaiushchego v tribokontakte «koleso-rel’s» [The methodology of study of tribological characteristics of the components of the lubrication unit, working in tribocontact «wheelrail»]. Trenie i smazka v mashinakh i mekhanizmakh [Friction and lubrication in machinery]. 2013, no. 3, pp. 31–37.

[4] Grigorov O.V., Gubskii S.A., Kovalenko D.M., Strizhak V.V. Metody uvelicheniia sroka sluzhby khodovoi chasti mekhanizma peredvizheniia krana [New methods to prolongate the service life of crane travel mechanism running gears have been offered]. Vestnik Khar’kovskogo natsional’nogo avtomobil’no-dorozhnogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University]. 2007, no. 38, pp. 68–73.

[5] Mironov S.V., Kuleshov I.V. Povyshenie effektivnosti i nadezhnosti nazemnykh kranovykh putei optimizatsiei ikh geometricheskikh parametrov [Improving the effectiveness and reliability of ground crane ways to optimize their geometrical parameters]. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Vestnik of the Orenburg State University]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 173–178.

[6] Lobov N.A. Dinamika peredvizheniia kranov po rel’sovomu puti [Dynamics of movement of cranes along the track]. Moscow, Bauman Press, 2003. 232 p.

[7] Lipatov A.S. Metody povysheniia bezopasnosti gruzopod’’emnykh kranov pri nenormiruemykh usloviiakh ekspluatatsii. Diss. dokt. tekh. nauk [Methods of improving the safety of cranes at nonnormable conditions. Dr. tech. sci. diss.]. Novocherkassk, 2006. 259 p.

[8] Lipatov A.S. O podkhode k otsenke pogreshnosti ustanovki kranovykh khodovykh koles [On the approach to the assessment error of crane running wheels]. Pod’’emnye sooruzheniia. Spetsialnaia tekhnika [Lifting equipment. special equipment]. 2002, no. 12, pp. 5–7.

[9] Spitsyna D.N. Issledovanie bokovykh sil, deistvuiushchikh na mnogokolesnye mostovye krany [Investigation of lateral forces acting on multiwheel bridge cranes]. Vestnik mashinostroeniia [Russian Engineering Research]. 2003, no. 3, pp. 3–9.

[10] Spitsyna D.N., Iurin A.N. Vliianie netochnosti ukladki putei na uroven’ nagruzok, deistvuiushchikh na mostovye krany [The influence of inaccuracies of laying tracks on the loads acting on bridge cranes]. Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Mashinostroenie [Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building]. 2013, no. 8, pp. 20–29.

[11] Spitsyna D.N., Iurin A.N. Opredelenie bokovykh sil, deistvuiushchikh na khodovye kolesa mostovykh kranov [Determination of lateral forces acting on the running wheels of bridge cranes]. Pod’’emno-transportnoe delo [Handling Business]. 2013, no. 5–6, pp. 5–11.

[12] Ovsiannikov V.E. Nekotorye aspekty otsenki sostoianiia podkranovykh balok [Some aspects of the crane beam state estimate]. Vestnik Kurganskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Bulletin of the Kurgan State University. Ser. Technical sciences]. 2011, iss. 6, no. (1)20, pp. 3–5.

[13] Kuznetsov E.S. Obosnovanie neobkhodimosti rikhtovki rel’sovykh putei kranov mostovogo tipa [Rationale for alignment of track crane bridge type]. Vse krany [All Cranes]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 22–25.

[14] Krettek O. Kraftschuss zwichen Kranrad und Schiene. Förden und Heben, 1979, no. 5, pp. 459–465.

[15] Ricker D.T. Tips for avoiding crane runway problems. Engineering Journal, 1982, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 181–205.

[16] Feodos’ev V.I. Soprotivlenie materialov [Strength of materials]. Moscow, Bauman Press, 2010. 592 p.