Efficiency Control of a Machine Unit with Internal Combustion Engine

Efficiency of a machine unit (MU) is one of its most important characteristics. Designing MUs with an internal combustion engine (ICE) is particularly difficult due to the fact that this type of engine can generate the same power at different combinations of speed and load modes. To reduce fuel consumption at transient modes, it is important to control the ICE efficiently. The main dynamic and efficiency properties of the MU are determined at the de-sign stage when selecting the engine power and reduction ratio of the gear box. Subsequent calculations of machine parts for strength and life do not, as a rule, effect the MU dynamic properties and power consumption when it is in operation, as long as there is no appreciable increase in the moving mass. A number of factors have an effect on specific fuel consumption, such as the coefficient of efficiency of the vehicle, coefficient of efficiency of the engine, and reduction ratio. The choice of an efficient engine and working machine is the first condition for the successful increase of the MU efficiency at the designing stage. This condition is necessary but not sufficient. Meeting this condition has only the potential to increase the MU efficiency. To implement it in practice, efficient working modes of the engine and working machine should be combined through choosing an optimal reduction ratio. For this purpose, in running conditions the MU is controlled by a computer. An algorithm of optimal control for a diesel engine conforming to the requirements of efficiency has been developed. The experimental studies have shown that the MU fuel consumption can be minimized through choosing an optimal reduction ratio with a simultaneous effect on the speed control system of the diesel engine. The results of the study have been used when creating an innovative double-impulse control system for a turbo-charging diesel engine by the Chelyabinsk Tractor Factory. The testing of the control system has proved the validity of the developed algorithm of optimal control for the diesel engine conforming to the efficiency requirements.

References

[1] Mashinostroenie. Entsiklopediia. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniia [Engineering. Encyclopedia. Internal combustion engines]. Vol. 4-14. Ed. Aleksandrov A.A., Ivashchenko N.A. Moscow, Mashinostroenie publ., 2013. 784 p.

[2] Leonov I.V., Leonov D.I. Teoriia mekhanizmov i mashin [Theory of Mechanisms and Machines]. Moscow, Vysshee obrazovanie publ., 2009. 239 p.

[3] Epishin A.Iu. K voprosu ekonomichnosti avtonomnogo podvizhnogo sostava putem sovershenstvovaniia upravleniia silovymi ustanovkami [On the question of costautonomous rolling stock by improving the management of power plants]. Estestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki [Natural and engineering sciences]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 285–288.

[4] Chebotarev M.A. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie raboty dizel’-generatora teplovoza v perekhodnykh rezhimakh [Mathematical modeling of diesel generator diesel locomotive under transient conditions]. Trudy 9 Nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii Bezopasnost’ dvizheniia poezdov [9 Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference train safety]. 2008, Moscow, MIIT publ., pp. V/6–V/7.

[5] Cerri T., Onorati A., Mattarelli E. 1D engine simulation of a small HSDI diesel engine applying a predictive combustion model. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power, 2008, vol. 130, iss. 1, pp. 012802/1–012802/10, article no. 012802.

[6] Vermonet Claire, Souchon Vincent, Metssonnier Guillaume Moteur Diesel muni d’un dispositive de controle du debit d’injection de carburant. Patent Fr. no. 0213502, MPK {7} F 02 D 41/38, F 02 D 41/40, 2004.

[7] Barbashov N.N., Leonov I.V. Osnovy proektirovaniia mashin po dinamicheskim i ekonomicheskim pokazateliam [Fundamentals of Machine Design for dynamic and economic indicators]. Uluchshenie ekspluatatsionnykh pokazatelei DVS: Materialy 4-i mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii Nauka-tekhnologiia-energosberezhenie. Sb. nauch. tr. [Improving operational performance engine: Proceedings of the 4th International Scientific and Practical Conference Science-Technology-saving. Collection of scientific papers]. Kirov, Viatskaia GSKhA publ., 2011. pp. 158–163.